Over the past years there have been several developments concerning the shape and goals of the instruments and initiatives oriented towards the cooperation of the EU Commission and private and/or public partners to commit themselves to jointly support the development and implementation of a research and innovation program. ERA-LEARN wants to bring some light into the dark and explain the rationale behind the different types of Partnerships and their specific goals. In this section, we also provide success stories in order to give examples on good practices. If you are interested in the future of the overall Partnership landscape, we offer an outlook to partnerships in Horizon Europe.